Early mortality and cardiovascular disease, varied association with body mass index and its changes in insulin-treated diabetes: a nationwide study

• DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00922-2
• Publication Date: 2021-08-13T05:36:22Z
• Authors: You-Bin Lee; Bongsung Kim; Jiyun Park; Minyoung Kim; Min Sun Choi; Gyuri Kim; Sang-Man Jin; Kyu Yeon Hur; Kyungdo Han; Jae Hyeon Kim
• Keywords: Adult; Male; 2. Zero hunger; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Middle Aged; Body Mass Index; 3. Good health; Cohort Studies; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Surveys and Questionnaires; Republic of Korea; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Insulin; Female; Longitudinal Studies; Obesity; Mortality; Aged

We investigated the hazards of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and all-cause death during follow-up according to baseline body mass index (BMI) and percent change in BMI among adults with insulin-treated diabetes.Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service datasets (2002-2017), the hazards of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and all-cause mortality during follow-up were analyzed according to baseline BMI and percent change in BMI among adults with insulin-treated diabetes and without baseline CVD and/or malignancy (N = 44,055).At baseline, 67.3% of total subjects were either obese or overweight. During a mean 3.8 years, 1,081 MI and 1,562 stroke cases developed; 2,847 deaths occurred over a mean 3.9 years. Compared with normal weight, overweight and obesity were associated with lower hazards of outcomes [hazard ratio (95% CI): 0.836 (0.712-0.981), 0.794 (0.687-0.917) for MI; 0.829 (0.726-0.946), 0.772 (0.684-0.870) for stroke; 0.740 (0.672-0.816), 0.666 (0.609-0.728) for death, respectively]. Underweight was associated with a higher hazard of all-cause death during follow-up [hazard ratio (95% CI): 2.035 (1.695-2.443)]. When the group with minimum absolute value for percent change in BMI was set as a reference, the relative reduction in BMI was associated with increased hazards of MI, stroke, and all-cause death, and relative increase in BMI was associated with increased hazards of stroke and all-cause death during follow-up.Among adults with insulin-treated diabetes, a high prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed, and baseline BMI category was inversely associated with CVD incidence and all-cause death during follow-up. Both weight loss and gain were associated with increased CVD incidence and all-cause death during follow-up, showing a U-shaped relationship between weight change and outcome. Stable body weight might be a predictor of a lower risk of CVDs and premature death among individuals with insulin-treated diabetes.