Biological and molecular interplay between two viruses and powdery and downy mildews in two grapevine cultivars

• DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00413-x
• Publication Date: 2020-11-01T00:03:58Z
• Authors: Giovanna Gilardi; Walter Chitarra; Amedeo Moine; Monica Mezzalama; Paolo Boccacci; Massimo Pugliese; Maria Lodovica Gu...; Giorgio Gambino
• Keywords: Plasmopara viticola; Oomycete; Vitaceae; Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Closterovirus

Abstract Grapevine may be affected simultaneously by several pathogens whose complex interplay is largely unknown. We studied the effects of infection two grapevine viruses on powdery mildew and downy development molecular modifications induced in grapevines their multiple interactions. fanleaf virus (GFLV) rupestris stem pitting-associated (GRSPaV) were transmitted vitro-grafting to Vitis vinifera cv Nebbiolo Chardonnay virus-free plantlets regenerated somatic embryogenesis. Grapevines then artificially inoculated greenhouse with either Plasmopara viticola or Erysiphe necator spores. GFLV-infected plants showed a reduction severity diseases caused mildews comparison plants. GFLV overexpression stilbene synthase genes, pathogenesis-related proteins, influenced genes involved carbohydrate metabolism grapevine. These transcriptional changes suggest improved innate plant immunity, which makes less susceptible other biotic attacks. This, however, cannot extrapolated GRSPaV as it was unable promote protection against fungal/oomycete pathogens. In these interactions, genotype seemed have crucial role: ‘Nebbiolo’, virus-induced different from those observed ‘Chardonnay’, suggesting that metabolic pathways results indicate interactions do exist between its represent first study topic still unexplored.