Echinochloa crus-galli genome analysis provides insight into its adaptation and invasiveness as a weed

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01067-5
• Publication Date: 2017-10-12T21:09:05Z
• Authors: Longbiao Guo; Jie Qiu; Chuyu Ye; Gulei Jin; Lingfeng Mao; Haiqiang Zhang; Xuefang Yang; Qiong Peng; Yingying Wang; Lei Jia; Zhangxiang Lin; Gengmi Li; Fei Fu; Chen Liu; Li Chen; Enhui Shen; Weidi Wang; Qinjie Chu; Dongya Wu; Sanling Wu; Chenyang Xia; Yongfei Zhang; Xiaomao Zhou; Lifeng Wang; Lamei Wu; Weijie Song; Yunfei Wang; Qingyao Shu; Daisuke Aoki; Emi Yumoto; Takao Yokota; Koji Miyamoto; Kazunori Okada; Do-Soon Kim; Daguang Cai; Chulong Zhang; Yonggen Lou; Qian Qian; Hirofumi Yamaguchi; Hisakazu Yamane; Chui-Hua Kong; Michael P. Timko; Lianyang Bai; Longjiang Fan
• Keywords: Echinochloa crus-galli; Phytoalexin; Gene cluster; Noxious weed; Pyricularia

Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is a pernicious weed in agricultural fields worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying its success the absence of human intervention are presently unknown. Here we report draft genome sequence hexaploid species E. crus-galli, i.e., 1.27 Gb assembly representing 90.7% predicted size. An extremely large repertoire genes encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases associated with detoxification found. Two gene clusters involved biosynthesis an allelochemical 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) phytoalexin momilactone A found crus-galli genome, respectively. DIMBOA cluster activated response to co-cultivation rice, while specifically infection by pathogenic Pyricularia oryzae. Our results provide new understanding extreme adaptation weed.