The Scaly-foot Snail genome and implications for the origins of biomineralised armour

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15522-3
• Publication Date: 2020-04-08T10:03:01Z
• Authors: Jin Sun; Chong Chen; Norio Miyamoto; Runsheng Li; Julia D. Sigwart; Ting Xu; Yanan Sun; Wai Chuen Wong; Jack C. H. Ip; Weipeng Zhang; Yi Lan; Dass Bissessur; Tomo-o Watsuji; Hiromi Kayama Wat...; Yoshihiro Takaki; Kazuho Ikeo; Nobuyuki Fujii; Kazutoshi Yoshitake; Jian-Wen Qiu; Ken Takai; Pei-Yuan Qian
• Keywords: Biomineralization; 0301 basic medicine; 570; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600/1600; name=General Chemistry; Science; Gastropoda; Snails; Gene Expression; Article; Evolution, Molecular; 03 medical and health sciences; name=General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1300; name=General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology; Animals; Phylogeny; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1300; Genome; Whole Genome Sequencing; Fossils; Q; 500; Genomics; Biological Evolution; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3100; name=General Physics and Astronomy; name=General Physics and Astronomy; Mollusca; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3100; Transcriptome; name=General Chemistry; /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600/1600

Abstract The Scaly-foot Snail, Chrysomallon squamiferum , presents a combination of biomineralised features, reminiscent enigmatic early fossil taxa with complex shells and sclerites such as sachtids, but in recently-diverged living species which even has iron-infused hard parts. Thus the Snail is an ideal model to study genomic mechanisms underlying evolutionary diversification armour. Here, we present high-quality whole-genome assembly tissue-specific transcriptomic data, show that scale shell formation employ independent subsets 25 highly-expressed transcription factors. Comparisons other lophotrochozoan genomes imply this biomineralisation toolkit ancient, though expression patterns differ across major lineages. We suggest ability lineages generate wide range parts, exemplified by remarkable morphological disparity Mollusca, draws on capacity for dynamic modification positioning elements genome.