Calorie restriction increases insulin sensitivity to promote beta cell homeostasis and longevity in mice

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53127-2
• Publication Date: 2024-10-21T08:02:12Z
• Authors: Cristiane dos Santos; Amanda Cambraia; Shristi Shrestha; Melanie Cutler; Matthew Cottam; Guy Perkins; Varda Lev-Ram; Birbickram Roy; Christopher Acree; Keun-Young Kim; Thomas Deerinck; Danielle Dean; Jean Philippe Car...; Patrick E. MacDonald; Martin Hetzer; Mark Ellisman; Rafael Arrojo e D...
• Keywords: Homeostasis; Energy homeostasis; BETA (programming language); Calorie Restriction; NRF1

Abstract Caloric restriction (CR) can extend the organism life- and health-span by improving glucose homeostasis. How CR affects structure-function of pancreatic beta cells remains unknown. We used single nucleus transcriptomics to show that increases expression genes for cell identity, protein processing, organelle Gene regulatory network analysis reveal activates transcription factors important identity homeostasis, while imaging metabolomics demonstrates upon are more energetically competent. In fact, high-resolution microscopy reduces mitophagy increase mitochondria mass potential ATP generation. However, have impaired adaptive proliferation in response high fat diet feeding. Finally, we long-term delays onset aging hallmarks promotes longevity reducing turnover. Therefore, could be a feasible approach preserve compromised during diabetes.