Adipose cells and tissues soften with lipid accumulation while in diabetes adipose tissue stiffens

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13324-9
• Publication Date: 2022-06-20T11:09:08Z
• Authors: Shada Abuhattum; Petra Kotzbeck; Raimund Schlüßler; Alexandra Harger; Angela Ariza de S...; Kyoohyun Kim; Joan-Carles Escolano; Torsten Müller; Jürgen Braun; Martin Wabitsch; Matthias Tschöp; Ingolf Sack; Marko Brankatschk; Jochen Guck; Kerstin Stemmer; Anna V. Taubenberger
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; ddc:610; 0303 health sciences; Science; Q; R; Cell Differentiation; Lipids; Article; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; Adipose Tissue; Adipocytes; Medicine; Animals; Obesity

Abstract Adipose tissue expansion involves both differentiation of new precursors and size increase mature adipocytes. While the two processes are well balanced in healthy tissues, obesity diabetes type II associated with abnormally enlarged adipocytes excess lipid accumulation. Previous studies suggested a link between cell stiffness, volume stem differentiation, although context preadipocytes, there have been contradictory results regarding stiffness changes differentiation. Thus, we set out to quantitatively monitor adipocyte shape We quantified by optical diffraction tomography that differentiating preadipocytes increased their volumes drastically. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-indentation -microrheology revealed during early phase human became more compliant fluid-like, concomitant ROCK-mediated F-actin remodelling. Adipocytes had accumulated large droplets were compliant, further promoting accumulation led an even phenotype. In line that, high fat diet-induced was adipose compared lean animals, for drosophila bodies murine gonadal tissue. contrast, diabetic mice significantly stiffer as shown not only AFM but also magnetic resonance elastography. Altogether, dissect relative contributions cytoskeleton mechanical across different functional states, such nutritional state disease. Our work therefore sets basis future explorations on how influence behaviour mechanosensitive tissue-resident cells metabolic disorders.