Remodelling of the hepatic epigenetic landscape of glucose-intolerant rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by nutritional status and dietary carbohydrates

• DOI: 10.1038/srep32187
• Publication Date: 2016-08-26T09:48:07Z
• Authors: Lucie Marandel; Olivier Lepais; Eva Arbenoits; Vincent Véron; Karine Dias; Marie Zion; Stéphane Panserat
• Keywords: Fish Proteins; [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology; intolérance au lactose; 590; Nutritional Status; lactose malabsorption; statut nutritionel; Article; Epigenesis, Genetic; 03 medical and health sciences; épigénétique; poisson; Biologie animale; dietary carbohydrates; Dietary Carbohydrates; Food and Nutrition; Animals; glucose; glucide alimentaire; fish; Animal biology; 2. Zero hunger; oncorhynchus mykiss; 0303 health sciences; [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology; rainbow trout; [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition; Liver; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Alimentation et Nutrition; [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition

AbstractThe rainbow trout, a carnivorous fish, displays a ‘glucose-intolerant’ phenotype revealed by persistent hyperglycaemia when fed a high carbohydrate diet (HighCHO). Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene activity and is closely related to environmental changes and thus to metabolism adjustments governed by nutrition. In this study we first assessed in the trout liver whether and how nutritional status affects global epigenome modifications by targeting DNA methylation and histone marks previously reported to be affected in metabolic diseases. We then examined whether dietary carbohydrates could affect the epigenetic landscape of duplicated gluconeogenic genes previously reported to display changes in mRNA levels in trout fed a high carbohydrate diet. We specifically highlighted global hypomethylation of DNA and hypoacetylation of H3K9 in trout fed a HighCHO diet, a well-described phenotype in diabetes. g6pcb2 ohnologs were also hypomethylated at specific CpG sites in these animals according to their up-regulation. Our findings demonstrated that the hepatic epigenetic landscape can be affected by both nutritional status and dietary carbohydrates in trout. The mechanism underlying the setting up of these epigenetic modifications has now to be explored in order to improve understanding of its impact on the glucose intolerant phenotype in carnivorous teleosts.