Adaptive introgression in an African malaria mosquito coincident with the increased usage of insecticide-treated bed nets

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418892112
• Publication Date: 2015-01-06T04:08:12Z
• Authors: Laura C. Norris; Bradley J. Main; Yoosook Lee; Travis C. Collier; Abdrahamane Fofana; Anthony J. Cornel; Gregory C. Lanzaro
• Keywords: Introgression; Anopheles gambiae; Assortative mating

Animal species adapt to changes in their environment, including man-made such as the introduction of insecticides, through selection for advantageous genes already present populations or newly arisen mutation. A possible alternative mechanism is acquisition adaptive from related via a process known introgression. Differing levels insecticide resistance between two African malaria vectors, Anopheles coluzzii and gambiae, have been attributed assortative mating species. In previous study, we reported bouts hybridization observed town Selinkenyi, Mali 2002 2006. These events did not appear be directly associated with insecticide-resistance genes. We demonstrate that during brief breakdown 2006, A. inherited entire gambiae-associated 2L divergence island, which includes suite alleles. this case, introgression was coincident start major insecticide-treated bed net distribution campaign Mali. This suggests exposure altered fitness landscape, favoring survival coluzzii/A. gambiae hybrids, provided pressure swept island propose work described herein presents unique description temporal dynamics an animal represents rapid evolution important vector human Africa.