Folium Ginkgo extract and tetramethylpyrazine sodium chloride injection (Xingxiong injection) protects against focal cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury via activating the Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

• DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2014895
• Publication Date: 2022-01-21T10:10:35Z
• Authors: Ting Zhu; Bin-Yu Fang; Xiang-Bao Meng; Shu-Xia Zhang; Hong Wang; Ge Gao; Fei Liu; Yu Wu; Jin Hu; Gui-Bo Sun; Xiao-Bo Sun
• Keywords: Tetramethylpyrazine; Intraperitoneal injection; Brain ischemia

Folium Ginkgo extract and tetramethylpyrazine sodium chloride injection (Xingxiong injection) is a compound preparation commonly used for treating cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury in ischaemic stroke China. However, its potential mechanisms on remain unknown.This study explores the of Xingxiong vivo or vitro.Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to five groups: sham (normal saline), model saline) groups (12.5, 25 50 mL/kg). The subjected 2 h middle artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion 14 d. was administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) immediately after ischaemia induction Afterwards, sacrificed at d induced administration injection.Xingxiong significantly reduces infarct volume (23%) neurological deficit scores (93%) compared with MCAO/R group. Additionally, inhibits loss mitochondrial membrane (43%) caspase-3 level (44%), decreases NOX (41%), protein carbonyl (29%), 4-HNE (40%) 8-OhdG (41%) levels, expression inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α (26%), IL-1β (34%), IL-6 (39%), MCP-1 (36%), CD11a ICAM-1 (43%). Moreover, can increase p-Akt/Akt (35%) Nrf2 (47%) inhibit NLRP3 (42%) expression.Xingxiong prevents activating Akt/Nrf2 pathway inhibiting inflammasome. These findings provide experimental evidence clinical use drugs treatment stroke.