A contractile and counterbalancing adhesion system controls the 3D shape of crawling cells

0301 basic medicine Time Factors [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics] Transfection Mechanotransduction, Cellular Models, Biological [PHYS] Physics [physics] [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] 03 medical and health sciences Cell Movement Cell Line, Tumor [CHIM] Chemical Sciences Chlorocebus aethiops Cell Adhesion Pressure [CHIM]Chemical Sciences Animals Humans Actinin Cell Shape Research Articles [PHYS]Physics [physics] Focal Adhesions Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA Actins Actin Cytoskeleton COS Cells
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201311104 Publication Date: 2014-04-08T05:54:30Z
ABSTRACT
How adherent and contractile systems coordinate to promote cell shape changes is unclear. Here, we define a counterbalanced adhesion/contraction model for control. Live-cell microscopy data showed crucial role meshwork at the top of cell, which composed actin arcs myosin IIA filaments. The organized like muscle sarcomeres, with repeating II filaments separated by bundling protein α-actinin, mechanically coupled noncontractile dorsal fibers that run from bottom in cell. When contracts, it pulls away substrate. This pulling force fibers’ attachment focal adhesions, causing bend downward flattening likely be relevant understanding how cells configure themselves complex surfaces, protrude into tight spaces, generate three-dimensional forces on growth substrate under both healthy diseased conditions.
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