Alterations of Brain Gray Matter Density and Olfactory Bulb Volume in Patients with Olfactory Loss after Traumatic Brain Injury

• DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5393
• Publication Date: 2018-04-27T08:34:47Z
• Authors: Pengfei Han; Nicole Winkler; Cornelia Hummel; Antje Hähner; Johannes Gerber; Thomas Hummel
• Keywords: Hyposmia; Anosmia; Superior frontal gyrus; Orbitofrontal cortex; Frontal lobe

Olfactory loss and traumatic brain injury (TBI) both lead to anatomical alterations in humans. Little research has been done on the structural changes for TBI patients with olfactory loss. Using voxel-based morphometry, gray matter (GM) density was examined 22 hyposmia, 24 anosmia, age-matched controls. bulb (OB) volumes were measured by manual segmentation of acquired T2-weighted coronal slices using a standardized protocol. Brain lesions olfactory-relevant areas also patients. Results showed that anosmia have more frequent OB, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), temporal lobe pole, compared hyposmia. GM primary area decreased groups In addition, controls, reduction several secondary eloquent regions, including gyrus rectus, medial OFC, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, cerebellum. However, hyposmia lesser degree reduction, healthy Smaller OB found loss, had smallest volumes, which caused OB. post-TBI duration negatively correlated but positively frontal anosmia. The volume among largely dependent location severity regions. Longer an impact changes, indicate function possible compensatory mechanisms