Artificial Regeneration of Major Oak (Quercus) Species in the Eastern United States—A Review of the Literature

• DOI: 10.1093/forestscience/54.1.77
• Publication Date: 2021-02-05T15:58:14Z
• Authors: Daniel C. Dey; Douglass Jacobs; Ken McNabb; Gary Miller; V. Baldwin; G. Foster
• Keywords: Afforestation; Silviculture; Natural regeneration; Forest regeneration; Reforestation

Abstract Although natural regeneration is often the best method for establishing new oak (Quercus spp.) stands, there are increasingly more situations in which high potential failure dictates use of artificial including direct seeding and planting seedlings. Additionally, afforestation programs frequently incorporate species. Artificial stands challenging numerous reasons. In this article we synthesize current state knowledge regarding growing major species eastern United States, point out critical research gaps, provide some general growing, planting, stand tending guidelines recommendations. Adequate site preparation, careful healthy, genetically adapted seed or seedlings morphological physiological quality, subsequent control competing vegetation browse damage necessary actions to assure success. Oak seedling survival early years after a poor indicator Successful may be defined as having desired proportion stock reach dominant/codominant status stand. The costs all activities required produce successful tree future should considered economic comparison alternative prescriptions regeneration.