Effect of Cytomegalovirus-Induced Immune Response, Self Antigen–Induced Immune Response, and Microbial Translocation on Chronic Immune Activation in Successfully Treated HIV Type 1–Infected Patients: The ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort

• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis732
• Publication Date: 2012-11-30T02:48:16Z
• Authors: Linda Wittkop; Juliette Bitard; Estibaliz Lazaro; Didier Neau; Fabrice Bonnet; Patrick Mercie; Michel Dupon; Mojgan Hessamfar; Michel Ventura; Denis Malvy; François Dabis; Jean-Luc Pellegrin; Jean-François Moreau; Rodolphe Thiébaut; Isabelle Pellegrin; ; Dabis F.; Bonnet F.; Bouchet S.; Dabis F.; Dupon M.; Chêne G.; Fleury H.; Gaborieau V.; Lacoste D.; Malvy D.; Mercié P.; Pellegrin I.; Morlat P.; Neau D.; Pellegrin JL.; Tchamgoué S.; Thiébaut R.; Bruyand M.; Chêne G.; Dabis F.; Lawson-Ayayi S.; Thiébaut R.; Wittkop L.; André K.; Bonnal F.; Bonnet F.; Bernard N.; Caunègre L.; Cazanave C.; Ceccaldi J.; Chossat I.; Courtault C.; Dauchy FA.; De Witte S.; Dupon M.; Dupont A.; Duffau P.; Dutronc H.; Farbos S.; Gaborieau V.; Gemain MC.; Gerard Y.; Greib C.; Hessamfar M.; Lacoste D.; Lataste P.; Lazaro E.; Longy-Boursier M.; Malvy D.; Meraud J. P.; Mercié P.; Monlun E.; Morlat P.; Neau D.; Ochoa A.; Pellegrin J. L.; Pistone T.; Receveur M. C.; Roger-Schmeltz J.; Tchamgoué S.; Vandenhende M. A.; Vareil M. O.; Viallard J. F.; Moreau J. F.; Pellegrin I.; Fleury H.; Lafon M. E.; Masquelier B.; Trimoulet P.; Breilh D.; Bouchet S.; Molimard M.; Titier K.; Haramburu F.; Miremont-Salamé G.; Blaizeau M. J.; Decoin M.; Delaune J.; Delveaux S.; D'Ivernois C.; Hanappier C.; Leleux O.; Lenaud E.; Uwamaliya-Nziyumv...; Sicard X.; Conte V.; Frosh A.; Geffard S.; Leray J.; Louis I.; Palmer G.; Touchard D.
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology; Cytomegalovirus; Autoimmunity; HIV Infections; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Lymphocyte Activation; Cohort Studies; Viral Matrix Proteins; 03 medical and health sciences; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Humans; [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology; HLA-DR Antigens; Viral Load; Phosphoproteins; 3. Good health; [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology; Cross-Sectional Studies; [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie; Cytomegalovirus Infections; [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases; HIV-1; Female; France

We evaluated the impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced immune responses, autoimmune-induced immune responses, and microbial translocation on immune activation in 191 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients from the ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort. All enrolled subjects had achieved long-term virological suppression during receipt of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HLA-DR(+)/CD38(+) expression was 16.8% among CD8(+) T cells. Independent of age, CD4(+) T-cell count, 16S ribosomal DNA load, and regulatory T-cell count, positive results of Quantiferon CMV analysis (P = .02), positive results of CMV-pp65 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analysis (P = .01), positive results of CMV-pp65-specific CD8(+) T-cell analysis (P = .05), and CMV seropositivity (P = .01) were associated with a higher percentage of CD8+ T cells that expressed HLA-DR+/CD38+. Autoimmune response and microbial translocation were not associated with immune activation. Therefore, the CMV-induced immune response seems to be associated with chronic immune activation in cART recipients with sustained virological suppression.