Avocado Consumption Alters Gastrointestinal Bacteria Abundance and Microbial Metabolite Concentrations among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa219
• Publication Date: 2020-07-02T19:12:40Z
• Authors: Sharon V Thompson; Melisa A Bailey; Andrew M Taylor; Jennifer L Kaczmarek; Annemarie R Myson...; Caitlyn G Edwards; Ginger E Reeser; Nicholas A Burd; Naiman A Khan; Hannah D Holscher
• Keywords: Adult; Dietary Fiber; Male; 0301 basic medicine; 2. Zero hunger; Persea; Obesity and Eating Disorders; Body Weight; Fatty Acids; Biodiversity; Middle Aged; Overweight; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; 3. Good health; Bile Acids and Salts; Eating; 03 medical and health sciences; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Humans; Female; Single-Blind Method; Obesity

Avocados are rich in dietary fiber and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), nutrients that have been independently connected to metabolic health benefits the gastrointestinal microbiota. We aimed evaluate impact of avocado consumption on microbiota microbial metabolites, secondary outcomes Persea americana for Total Health (PATH) study, conduct exploratory analyses assess relations between fecal microbiota, markers. Adults [n= 163, 25–45 y, BMI (kg/m2) ≥ 25.0] were enrolled PATH a 12-wk investigator-blinded trial where participants batch randomized match 2 groups by age, sex, visceral adiposity, fasting glucose concentrations. Participants consumed isocaloric meals with or without (175 g, men; 140 women) once daily 12 wk. The was assessed 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V4 region) sequencing analysis using DADA2 QIIME2. Fecal acid bile concentrations quantified GC LC-MS. Per-protocol (≥80% meal consumption) intent-to-treat conducted univariate ANOVA Mann-Whitney U tests. Bivariate correlations measures. treatment increased ɑ diversity enriched Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Alistipes 26% 65% compared control group. group had 18% greater acetate, 70% stearic acid, 98% palmitic than group, while cholic chenodeoxycholic 91% 57% lower, respectively. Daily resulted lower concentrations, SCFAs, relative abundances bacteria capable fermentation, providing evidence this nutrient-dense food affects digestive physiology, as well composition functions intestinal This registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02740439.