Multifactorial bottom‐up bioengineering approaches for the development of living tissue substitutes

• DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802451r
• Publication Date: 2019-01-25T20:59:01Z
• Authors: Diana Gaspar; Christina N. M. Ryan; Dimitrios I. Zeug...
• Keywords: Transdifferentiation; Regenerative Medicine

Bottom-up bioengineering utilizes the inherent capacity of cells to build highly sophisticated structures with high levels biomimicry. Despite significant advancements in field, monodomain approaches require prolonged culture time develop an implantable device, usually associated cell phenotypic drift culture. Herein, we assessed simultaneous effect macromolecular crowding (MMC) and mechanical loading enhancing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition while maintaining tenocyte (TC) phenotype differentiating bone marrow stem (BMSCs) or transdifferentiating neonatal adult dermal fibroblasts toward tenogenic lineage. At d 7, all types presented cytoskeleton alignment perpendicular applied load independently use MMC. MMC enhanced ECM types. Gene expression analysis indicated that maintained TC phenotype, whereas differentiation BMSCs transdifferentiation was not achieved. Our data suggest multifactorial bottom-up significantly accelerate development biomimetic tissue equivalents.-Gaspar, D., Ryan, C. N. M., Zeugolis, D. I. Multifactorial for living substitutes.