Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Illness in Down Syndrome Following Prophylaxis With Palivizumab

• DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000000019
• Publication Date: 2013-08-29T13:14:46Z
• Authors: Bosco Paes; Ian Mitchell; Hao Yi; Abby Li; Krista L. Lanctôt
• Keywords: Palivizumab

Down syndrome (DS) is a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization, but little known about prophylaxis in these children.CARESS prospective registry of children who received ≥1 dose palivizumab during the 2006-2012 RSV seasons across 32 sites Canada. The objective was to compare illness hospitalization and (RSVH) hazard ratios DS aged <2 years versus standard indications (SI) other medical illnesses (MI).13,310 were enrolled; (600; 4.5%), SI (11,081; 83.3%) MI (1629, 12.2%), with increasing over duration from 0.1% (2006) 4.5% (2012). Participants significantly different mean birth weight, gestational enrollment age factors. Children each group an average 4.3 ± 1.4 (DS), 4.1 1.6 4.5 (MI) injections per season, DS, differing [F(2, 13,307) = 43.6, P 0.01] not 13 307) 0.07]. Compliance rates similar groups. While greater proportion had RIHs compared [hazard ratio: 0.64 (0.48-0.84); 0.001] MI. RSVH incidence were: 1.53%, 1.45% 2.27% MI, respectively. Neither nor compliance affected time RSVH.The CARESS has increased almost 45-fold. low following hazards those found