SARS-CoV-2 convalescence and hybrid immunity elicits mucosal immune responses

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.24.23287677
• Publication Date: 2023-03-24T22:25:12Z
• Authors: Olha Puhach; Mathilde Bellon; Kenneth Adea; Meriem Bekliz; Krisztina Hosszu-...; Pascale Sattonnet; Sophie Coudurier-...; Isabelle Arm-Vernez; Laurent Kaiser; Isabella Eckerle; Benjamin Meyer
• Keywords: Convalescence

Abstract Mucosal antibodies play a key role in the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection upper respiratory tract, and potentially limiting virus replication therefore onward transmission. While systemic immunity to is well understood, little known about present on nasal mucosal surfaces. In this study, we evaluated response infection, vaccination, or combination of both. Paired fluid serum samples were collected from 136 individuals, which include convalescent, vaccinated, breakthrough infections. We detected high correlation between IgG responses fluids, higher both compartments vaccinated compared convalescent participants. Contrary, IgA weakly correlated, indicating compartmentalization local responses. secretory component (s-IgA) antibodies, exclusively surfaces, only minority subjects significantly previously infected individuals. s-IgA binding showed significant with neutralizing activity fluids ancestral B.1 Omicron-BA.5 variant, that crucial contributor neutralization mucosa. Neutralization strains was mucosa previous infections summary, demonstrate currently available vaccines elicit strong antibody responses, but generates more potent antibodies. Our results support importance develop One Sentence Summary vaccination (hybrid immunity) functional superior those after vaccination.