Probing the incompressibility of dense hadronic matter near the QCD phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.107.034902
• Publication Date: 2023-03-03T15:07:56Z
• Authors: Zhi-Min Wu; Gao-Chan Yong
• Keywords: QCD matter; State of matter

Based on the extended hadronic transport model of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, incompressibility dense matter created in $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=3$ GeV is studied. By comparing experimental proton directed flow, productions strange hadrons $\ensuremath{\phi}$, ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ as well their ratio $\ensuremath{\phi}/{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, high-order cumulants to calculations, a large obtained from nucleon observabels while rather small needed fit data hadrons. This may indicate possesses different incompressibilities density regions, i.e., become stiffer saturation certain baryon and then turn soft before reaching hadron-quark phase transition. The study also shows that significantly affects critical