Lomustine chemotherapy for the treatment of presumptive haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma in Flat‐coated Retrievers

• DOI: 10.1111/avj.12767
• Publication Date: 2018-11-27T05:02:16Z
• Authors: J Elliott
• Keywords: Lomustine; Histiocytic sarcoma; Procarbazine

Background The Flat‐coated Retriever (FCR) is a breed at‐risk for histiocytic sarcoma (HS). A haemophagocytic form of HS (HPHS) occurs in the spleen ± other sites such as bone marrow, and CD11d+ disease macrophage origin. Patients with HPHS typically present regenerative anaemia. Lomustine well‐accepted, first‐line chemotherapy dogs HS, but its specific utility has not been previously reported. Methods cohort 10 presumptively diagnosed via splenic marrow or liver aspiration cytology were treated lomustine, plus supportive medications required. Cytology was diagnostically useful patients where less convincing. Results No experienced significant constitutional gastrointestinal adverse effects following lomustine administration, though most displayed clinical signs associated underlying disease. appeared to derive discernible benefit from chemotherapy. Neutropenia common effect lomustine. Concurrent included corticosteroids all cases, prior diagnosis HPHS, provisional immune‐mediated haemolytic Median survival time 24 days (range, 4–67 days). Conclusions affecting FCRs appears have uniformly poor outcome rapidly fatal. unsuccessful significantly improving this patients. Further study rare devastating needed.