Sensitization to isothiazolinones in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): 2019–2021 epidemiological situation

• DOI: 10.1111/cod.14251
• Publication Date: 2022-11-20T12:49:30Z
• Authors: Carlos Pelayo Her...; Leopoldo Borrego; Pedro Mercader Ga...; Ana María Giménez...; Javier Sánchez Pérez; Juan Francisco Si...; Ricardo González ...; Tatiana Sanz Sánchez; Araceli Sánchez Gilo; Gemma Melé Ninot; Violeta Zaragoza ...; Francisco Javier ...; José Manuel Carra...; Susana Córdoba Gu...; María Elena Gatic...; Inmaculada Ruiz G...; Esther Serra Bald...; Fátima Tous Romero; Mercedes Rodrígue...; María Antonia Pas...; Patricia Pérez Feal; Marcos Hervella G...; Marina de Vega Ma...; Ignacio García Doval
• Keywords: leg; Standard Series; adverse event; contact dermatitis; standard series; 0302 clinical medicine; benzisothiazolinone; 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; preservative; middle aged; 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one; occupation; Registries; cosmetic; 2 methyl 4 isothiazolin 3 one; register; atopic dermatitis; adult; Contact dermatitis; Benzisothiazolinone; Methylisothiazolinone; Middle Aged; Patch Tests; unclassified drug; 3. Good health; female; risk factor; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Octylisothiazolinone; patch test; allergen; prospective study; Adult; patch tests; 5 chloro 2 methyl 4 isothiazolin 3 one; methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone; Patch tests; Article; Contact Dermatitis; 03 medical and health sciences; detergent; male; contact sensitization; Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone; Humans; octylisothiazolinone; human; Standard series; Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone; occupational eczema; Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; methylisothiazolinone; major clinical study; 320106 Dermatología; Spain; hand; allergic contact dermatitis; 32 Ciencias médicas

AbstractBackgroundCurrent frequency and risk factors for sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) in Spain are not well known.ObjectivesTo study the frequency of sensitization, risk factors and simultaneous sensitization between the four isothiazolinones.Materials and MethodsWe analysed all 2019–2021 consecutive patients patch‐tested with MI (0.2% aq.), MCI/MI (0.02% aq.), BIT (0.1% pet.) and OIT (0.1% pet) within the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC).ResultsA total of 2511 patients were analysed. Frequencies of sensitization were: any isothiazolinone 15.7%, MI 6.8%, MCI/MI 4.8%, BIT 3.5% and OIT 0.5%. MI and MCI/MI sensitization was associated with being occupationally active, hand dermatitis, detergents and age over 40. BIT sensitization was associated with leg dermatitis and age over 40. About one in nine MI‐positive patients were positive to BIT, whereas one in five BIT‐positive patients were positive to MI.ConclusionsSensitization to MI, MCI/MI and BIT is still common in Spain, while sensitization to OIT is rare. Currently, sensitization to MI and MCI/MI seems to be occupationally related. Although its origin is unknown, sensitization to BIT is more frequent in patients aged over 40 years. Simultaneous sensitization between MI and BIT is uncommon.