Locomotory mode transitions alter phenotypic evolution and lineage diversification in an ecologically rich clade of mammals

• DOI: 10.1111/evo.14156
• Publication Date: 2020-12-29T01:23:00Z
• Authors: Jonathan A. Nations; Genevieve G. Mount; Sara M. Morere; Anang S. Achmadi; Kevin C. Rowe; Jacob A. Esselstyn
• Keywords: Lineage (genetic); Arboreal locomotion; Trait; Body plan

The relationship between organismal function and form is a cornerstone of biology because functional diversity key to generating maintaining ecological diversity. Morphological changes often occur in unison with behavioral or transitions, this process may foster diversification, but alternately could trap species on an adaptive peak. We estimated the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis Murinae, young (∼15 million years) diverse (∼700 species) clade mammals. then tested for correlated evolution among four morphological traits potential links locomotor modes (Arboreal, General, Terrestrial, Amphibious), investigated effects locomotion lineage diversification. found unique combinations trait values each mode, including strong covariance tail hindfoot lengths specialized Arboreal ecologically flexible General species. Low diversification rates long branch suggest that lineages represent stable evolutionary "cul-de-sacs." species, characterized by classic "rat-like" body plan broad abilities, have narrow optimal slow phenotypic evolution, high rates. Our findings versatile, generalist forms act as seeds specialization, which together build radiations.