Long‐term changes in the gut microbiota after triple therapy, sequential therapy, bismuth quadruple therapy and concomitant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Chinese children

• DOI: 10.1111/hel.12809
• Publication Date: 2021-04-26T04:38:40Z
• Authors: Ying Zhou; Ziqing Ye; Yuhuan Wang; Zhiheng Huang; Cuifang Zheng; Jieru Shi; Wenjuan Tang; Ping Zhang; Shengnan Wang; Ying Huang
• Keywords: Concomitant

Abstract Background We previously reported that the administration of 14‐day standard triple therapy (TT), sequential (ST), bismuth‐based quadruple (BT), and concomitant (CT) as first‐line for Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese children achieved eradication rates 74.1%, 69.5%, 89.8%, 84.6%, respectively. In this follow‐up study, we further evaluated short‐ long‐term effects four regimens on gut microbiota these children. Methods prospectively recruited treatment‐naïve with H. infection. Fecal samples were collected at week 0, 2, 6, 52, alterations analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Sixty‐three patients participated study (16 TT, 15 ST, 16 BT CT). At alpha diversity (Shannon Chao 1 index) was significantly reduced TT ( p = 0.008, < 0.001), ST 0.001, 0.001) CT groups 0.001). Some changes persisted BT, all restored (expect 0.02 index group) 52. The beta changed 2 weeks post‐eradication year after therapy. Immediately therapy, relative abundance Proteobacteria strikingly increased 0.005), genus‐level analysis showed abundances 23.1%, 43.3%, 78.6%, 78% bacterial genera changed. All returned to almost pre‐eradication level post‐eradication. Conclusion Eradication H . can lead transient dysbiosis microbiota, recovered post‐eradication, which indicates safety