Divergence with gene flow between Ponto‐Caspian refugia in an anadromous cyprinid Rutilus frisii revealed by multiple gene phylogeography

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03638.x
• Publication Date: 2008-02-02T05:20:37Z
• Authors: PETR KOTLÍK; SILVIA MARKOVÁ; LUKÁŠ CHOLEVA; NINA G. BOGUTSKAYA; F. GULER EKMEKÇI; PETYA P. IVANOVA
• Keywords: Isolation by distance

Abstract The Black and Caspian Seas have experienced alternating periods of isolation interconnection over many Milankovitch climate oscillations most recently became separated when the meltwater overflow from Sea ceased at end last glaciation. Climate‐induced habitat changes indisputably had profound impacts on distribution demography aquatic species, yet uncertainties remain about relative roles dispersal in response species shared between basins. We examined these issues using phylogeographical analysis an anadromous cyprinid fish Rutilus frisii . Bayesian coalescence analyses sequence variation two nuclear one mitochondrial genes suggest that supported separate populations R. during Parameter estimates fitted isolation‐with‐migration model showed their separation was not complete, however, continued to exchange both directions. These also suggested majority migrations occurred Pleistocene, showing is result ancient along temporary natural connections basins, rather than incomplete lineage sorting or recent human‐mediated dispersal. Gene flow refugial therefore important source genetic variation, we it facilitated evolutionary changing climate.