Neuroanatomy of the crocodylomorphPortugalosuchus azenhaefrom the late cretaceous of Portugal

• DOI: 10.1111/joa.13836
• Publication Date: 2023-02-03T02:43:47Z
• Authors: Eduardo Puértolas...; Ivan T. Kuzmin; Alejandro Serrano...; Octávio Mateus
• Keywords: Endocast; Neurocranium; Cenomanian

Abstract We present the first detailed braincase anatomical description and neuroanatomical study of Portugalosuchus azenhae , from Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) Portugal. This eusuchian crocodylomorph was originally described as a putative Crocodylia one oldest representatives this clade; however, its phylogenetic position remains controversial. Based on new data obtained high resolution Computed Tomography images (by micro‐CT scan), aims to improve original taxon also update scarce knowledge Eusuchia time interval, key period understand origin evolution these clades. The resulting three‐dimensional models CT allowed well‐preserved neurocranium internal cavities. Therefore, it possible reconstruct cavities olfactory region, nasopharyngeal ducts, brain, nerves, carotid arteries, blood vessels, paratympanic sinus system inner ear, which estimate some neurosensorial capabilities. By comparison with other crocodylomorphs, analyses showed that back in Cenomanian, already displayed an olfactive acuity, sight, hearing cognitive skills within range observed basal eusuchians crocodylians, including extant species. In addition, order test disputed position, data, helped correct complete observations, were included most recent morphology‐based phylogenies. differs slightly publication since is now located “thoracosaurid” Gavialoidea, but still crocodylian. Despite all this, better contrast results, additional morphological character coding together DNA should be performed.