Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis sp. nov. (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae), two new green algal species from the high arctic1

• DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12932
• Publication Date: 2019-10-14T11:55:52Z
• Authors: Sheree Yau; Adriana Lopes dos...; Wenche Eikrem; Catherine Gérikas...; Priscillia Gourvil; Sergio Balzano; Marie‐Line Escande; Hervé Moreau; Daniel Vaulot
• Keywords: Synapomorphy; Cosmopolitan distribution; Environmental DNA

Members of the class Mamiellophyceae comprise species that can dominate picophytoplankton diversity in polar waters. Yet, are often morphologically indistinguishable from temperate species, although clearly separated by molecular features. Here we examine four strains Canadian Arctic. The 18S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) gene phylogeny place these within family Mamiellaceae (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae) two separate clades genus Mantoniella. ITS2 synapomorphies support their placement as new Mantoniella beaufortii baffinensis. Both have round green cells with diameter between 3 5 μm, one long flagellum a short (~1 μm) covered spiderweb-like scales, making both similar to other species. Morphologically, M. baffinensis most cosmopolitan squamata only minor differences scale structure distinguishing them. Screening global marine metabarcoding data sets indicates has been recorded seawater sea ice samples Arctic, while no environmental barcode matches Like genera distinct distribution suggests they cold or ice-adapted