Genotyping of DNA pools identifies untapped landraces and genomic regions to develop next‐generation varieties

• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14022
• Publication Date: 2023-02-06T04:04:58Z
• Authors: Mariangela Arca; Brigitte Gouesnard; Tristan Mary‐Huard; Marie‐Christine L...; Cyril Bauland; Valérie Combes; Delphine Madur; Alain Charcosset; Stéphane D. Nicolas
• Keywords: genomic DNA

Landraces, that is, traditional varieties, have a large diversity is underexploited in modern breeding. A novel DNA pooling strategy was implemented to identify promising landraces and genomic regions enlarge the genetic of varieties. As proof concept, pools from 156 American European maize representing 2340 individuals were genotyped with an SNP array assess their genome-wide diversity. They compared elite cultivars produced across 20th century, represented by 327 inbred lines. Detection selective footprints between different geographic origin identified genes involved environmental adaptation (flowering times, growth) tolerance abiotic biotic stress (drought, cold, salinity). Promising developing two indicators estimate contribution genome lines: (i) modified Roger's distance standardized gene (ii) assignation lines using supervised analysis. It showed most do not closely related only 10 landraces, including famous as Reid's Yellow Dent, Lancaster Surecrop Lacaune, cumulated half total Comparison ancestral directly derived more advanced breeding cycles decrease number contribution. New limited contributions enriched haplotype reference than those high Our approach opens avenue for identification pre-breeding.