The commensal microbiome is associated with anti–PD-1 efficacy in metastatic melanoma patients

• DOI: 10.1126/science.aao3290
• Publication Date: 2018-01-16T22:40:58Z
• Authors: Vyara Matson; Jessica Fessler; Riyue Bao; Tara Chongsuwat; Yuanyuan Zha; Maria-Luisa Alegre; Jason J. Luke; Thomas F. Gajewski
• Keywords: Cancer Immunotherapy

Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy has had a major impact on cancer treatment but only benefited subset of patients. Among the variables that could contribute to interpatient heterogeneity is differential composition patients' microbiome, which been shown affect antitumor immunity and efficacy in preclinical mouse models. We analyzed baseline stool samples from metastatic melanoma patients before treatment, through an integration 16