Spatiotemporal gene expression trajectories reveal developmental hierarchies of the human cortex

• DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8809
• Publication Date: 2017-12-07T18:50:43Z
• Authors: Tomasz J. Nowakowski; Aparna Bhaduri; Alex A. Pollen; Beatriz Alvarado; Mohammed A. Mosta...; Elizabeth Di Lullo; Maximilian Haeussler; Carmen Sandoval-E...; Siyuan John Liu; Dmitry Velmeshev; Johain Ryad Ounad...; Joe Shuga; Xiaohui Wang; Daniel A. Lim; Jay A. West; Anne A. Leyrat; W. James Kent; Arnold R. Kriegstein
• Keywords: Cell type; Human brain; Developmental Biology; Organogenesis

Systematic analyses of spatiotemporal gene expression trajectories during organogenesis have been challenging because diverse cell types at different stages maturation and differentiation coexist in the emerging tissues. We identified discrete as well temporally spatially restricted radial glia neurogenesis developing human telencephalon. These lineage-specific reveal neurogenic transcription factors early enriched activation mammalian target rapamycin signaling outer glia. Across cortical areas, modest transcriptional differences among cascade into robust typological distinctions maturing neurons. Together, our results support a mixed model topographical, typological, temporal hierarchies governing cell-type diversity telencephalon, including distinct excitatory lineages rostral caudal cerebral cortex.