Porcine Complement Regulatory Protein CD46 Is a Major Receptor for Atypical Porcine Pestivirus but Not for Classical Swine Fever Virus

• DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02186-20
• Publication Date: 2021-02-05T15:19:05Z
• Authors: Gökce Nur Cagatay; Aleksandra Antos; Oliver Suckstorff; Olaf Isken; Norbert Tautz; Paul Becher; Alexander Postel
• Keywords: Pestivirus; Classical swine fever

Pestiviruses such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and classical swine fever (CSFV) belong to the family Flaviviridae represent pathogens of outstanding veterinary relevance. enter cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. For entry in cells, complement regulatory protein CD46bov serves a cellular receptor for BVDV. In this study, role porcine CD46pig was investigated recently discovered atypical pestivirus (APPV), CSFV, Bungowannah (BuPV) order elucidate observed differences host cell tropism. A culture-adapted APPV variant, which shows enhanced replication vitro, generated demonstrated strict tropism cells. One lines displayed areas CD46pig-expressing nonexpressing one single line revealed not express any The CD46pig-deficient lymphoma line, known facilitate CSFV replication, only nonpermissive APPV, indicating significant difference mechanism CSFV. Infection experiments with set genetically engineered knockout confirmed that is major contrast, it apparently an essential determinant other pestiviruses BuPV. Existence CD46pig-independent illustrates pestiviral process more diverse than previously recognized.IMPORTANCE comprise animal cause notifiable diseases great economic impact. Several additional species affecting health were identified, including (APPV). associated problems piglets highly abundant pig populations worldwide. Complement control CD46 bacterial pathogens, particular adenoviruses, herpesviruses, measles (MeV), Porcine (CD46pig) suggested be Here, we identified remarkable relevance during pestiviruses. Resembling BVDV, efficient infection culture depends on CD46pig, while can efficiently infect absence Thus, study provides insights into these may help understand their biology.