Nature of β-1,3-Glucan-Exposing Features on Candida albicans Cell Wall and Their Modulation

• DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02605-22
• Publication Date: 2022-10-11T13:01:04Z
• Authors: Leandro José de A...; Judith M. Bain; Corin Liddle; Ian Leaves; Christian Hacker; Roberta Peres da ...; Raif Yuecel; Attila Bebes; David Stead; Delma S. Childers; Arnab Pradhan; Kevin Mackenzie; Katherine Lagree; Daniel E. Larcombe; Qinxi Ma; Gabriela Mol Avelar; Mihai G. Netea; Lars P. Erwig; Aaron P. Mitchell; Gordon D. Brown; Neil A. R. Gow; Alistair J. P. Brown
• Keywords: Fungal protein; Mannan

Candida albicans exists as a commensal of mucosal surfaces and the gastrointestinal tract without causing pathology. However, this fungus is also common cause systemic infections when antifungal immune defenses become compromised. The activation host depends on recognition fungal pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such β-1,3-glucan. In C. albicans, most β-1,3-glucan present in inner cell wall, concealed by outer mannan layer, but some becomes exposed at surface. response to signals, lactate, induces Xog1 exoglucanase, which shaves from surface, thereby reducing phagocytic recognition. We show here that bud scars punctate foci lateral wall yeast cells, targeted during attack, lactate-induced masking reduces exposure foci. β-1,3-Glucan upon protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. reveal inactivating PKA, or its conserved downstream effectors, Sin3 Mig1/Mig2, affects amounts Eng1 glucanases secretome modulates exposure. Furthermore, perturbing Sin3, Mig1/Mig2 attenuates virulence lactate-exposed cells