Gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles form a distinct entity from gut microbiota

• DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00311-25
• Publication Date: 2025-04-29T13:01:19Z
• Authors: Anna Kaisanlahti; Jenni Turunen; Jenni Hekkala; Surbhi Mishra; Sonja Karikka; Sajeen Bahadur Am...; Niko Paalanne; Johanna Kruger; Anne M. Portaankorva; Jussi Koivunen; Arja Jukkola; Pia Vihinen; Päivi Auvinen; Sirpa Leppä; Peeter Karihtala; Vesa Koivukangas; Janne Hukkanen; Seppo Vainio; Anatoliy Samoylenko; Genevieve Bart; Leo Lahti; Justus Reunanen; Mysore V. Tejesvi; Terhi Ruuska-Loewald
• Keywords: Extracellular Vesicles; Extracellular vesicles

ABSTRACT Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoparticles secreted by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, carry various biomolecules cross biological barriers. Gut microbiota-derived EVs are currently being investigated as a communication mechanism between the microbiota host. Few clinical studies, however, have gut EVs. Here, we show that machine learning models were able to accurately distinguish respective EV samples according their taxonomic composition within each data set (area under curve [AUC] 0.764–1.00) in cross-study setting (AUC 0.701–0.997). These results form distinct entity from microbiota. Thus, conventional may not correctly reflect host unless reported separately. IMPORTANCE extracellular (EVs) been suggested be human body. However, on secretion remain limited. To investigate compare of composition, used approach classify 16S rRNA gene sequencing seven sets incorporating samples. The study separate should included studies gain more comprehensive insight into microbiota–host communication.