Low Diversity and Instability of the Sinus Microbiota over Time in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

• DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01251-22
• Publication Date: 2022-09-12T13:01:01Z
• Authors: Catherine R. Armb...; Kelvin Li; Megan R. Kiedrowski; Anna C. Zemke; Jeffrey A. Melvin; John Moore; Samar Atteih; Adam C. Fitch; Matthew DuPont; Christopher D. Manko; Madison L. Weaver; Jordon R. Gaston; John F. Alcorn; Alison Morris; Barbara A. Methé; Stella E. Lee; Jennifer M. Bombe...
• Keywords: Sinus (botany); Dominance (genetics)

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common, yet underreported and understudied manifestation of upper respiratory disease in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Recently developed standard care guidelines for the management CF CRS suggest treatment airway may ameliorate lower disease. We sought to determine whether changes sinus microbial community diversity specific taxa known cause lung are associated increased inflammation. performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing, supplemented cytokine analyses, microscopy, bacterial culturing, on samples from sinuses 27 adults CRS. At each study visit, participants underwent endoscopic paranasal sampling clinical evaluation. identified key drivers composition evaluated relationships between outcomes Sinus was low, unstable, many exhibiting alternating dominance Pseudomonas aeruginosa staphylococci over time. Despite tendency by these two taxa, communities were highly individualized shifted during exacerbation symptoms. Exacerbations also dominated Staphylococcus spp. Reduced linked worse inflammatory status (including interleukin-1β [IL-1β]). Increased IL-1β appearance, other cytokines dynamics. Our work revealed previously unknown instability link inflammation, lack diversity,