Prognostic implications of the interaction between intratumoral microbiome and immune response in gastric cancer

• DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02830-24
• Publication Date: 2025-04-09T13:01:01Z
• Authors: Sifan Liu; Lingyu Qi; Lu Dong; Wenjing Sun; Siying Liu; Peng Li; Nan Zhang

ABSTRACT Gastric cancer (GC) prognosis is significantly influenced by intratumoral microbiomes, which modulate host–immune interactions. This study analyzed data from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to identify immune genes associated with GC conducted prognostic subtypes. patients were classified into two distinct phenotypes C1 C2 based on non-negative matrix factorization consensus clusters. Phenotype exhibited a better characteristics, including enhanced presence of Th2 Th17 cells improved response chemotherapy. In contrast, phenotype showed higher expression levels PDCD1LG2 TLR9, critical factors involved in regulation. Both linked influencing microbiomes immunotherapy responses. A prediction risk model was constructed using LASSO regression analysis great value for patients. key correlated suppressed function host system. strongly hosts’ infiltration interacted influence outcomes. Candidatus Nitrosotenuis plays significant role predicting research underscores pivotal supports development future personalized therapeutic approaches. IMPORTANCE Increasing evidence confirms microbiomes. However, progression gastric their relationship microenvironment remain unclear. Our subtypes, C2, subtype more pronounced characteristics. Microbiome analyses revealed associations between both subtypes that affect responses immunotherapy. closely genes, cancer. Notably, findings highlight affecting its interaction microenvironment, supporting