Data from Neoantigen Identification and Response to Adoptive Cell Transfer in Anti–PD-1 Naïve and Experienced Patients with Metastatic Melanoma

• DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.c.6532607.v1
• Publication Date: 2023-04-01T06:01:29Z
• Authors: Shoshana T. Levi; Amy R. Copeland; Shirley Nah; Jessica S. Crystal; Gabriel D. Ivey; Almin Lalani; Mohammad Jafferji; Bradley S. White; Neilesh B. Parikh; Vid Leko; Sri Krishna; Frank Lowery; Todd D. Prickett; Jared J. Gartner; Li Jia; Yong F. Li; Abraham Sachs; Sivasish Sindiri; Welles Robinson; Billel Gasmi; James C. Yang; Stephanie L. Goff; Steven A. Rosenberg; Paul F. Robbins
• Keywords: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; Adoptive Cell Transfer

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents and adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are prominent immunotherapies used for the treatment advanced melanoma. Both therapies rely on activation that target shared tumor antigens or neoantigens. Recent analysis patients with metastatic melanoma who underwent TIL ACT at NCI demonstrated decreased responses in previously treated anti–PD-1 agents. We aimed to find a basis difference response rates between naïve experienced patients.</p>Patients Methods:<p>We examined mutational burden (TMB) resected tumors repertoire neoantigens targeted by autologous cohort 112 69 patients.</p>Results:<p>Anti–PD-1 were found possess higher TMBs (352.0 vs. 213.5, <i>P</i> = 0.005) received reactive more (2 1, 0.003) compared patients. Among ACT, TMB number identified responders than nonresponders both comparable predicted neoantigen loads, products administered likely contain T cells against (2.5 0.02).</p>Conclusions:<p>These results indicate decreases partially account additional factors influence these patients.</p><p><i><a href="https://aacrjournals.org/clincancerres/article/doi/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0832" target="_blank">See related commentary Blass Ott, p. 2980</a></i></p></div>