Factors Associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis Infection in North Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, North West Ethiopia, Case Control Study

• DOI: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140206.20
• Publication Date: 2014-11-10
• Authors: Kindie Bantie; Fasil Tessema; Desalegn Massa; Yilkal Tafere

Background: Leishmaniasis is becoming a major public health problem both in terms of geographical spread and incidence. Visceral leishmaniasis, the worst form among its clinical forms, second largest cause parasite related death responsible for 500,000 new cases each year. No or few risk factor data available North Gondar zone on this deadly disease. Objective: To assess determinants visceral leishmaniasis Zone, West Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based unmatched case-control study was employed from September 1-30, 2013. Samples 545 case control pairs were included using consecutive sampling technique. Data collected pretested structured questionnaire; entered into EpiData version 3.1 exported to SPSS 16.0 analysis. Crude adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI calculated determine strength association between response predictor variables. P-value less than 0.05 considered as level significance. Result: Male sex (OR=4.64; 95%CI=2.29, 9.39) age below 15 years (OR=3.26; 95%CI=1.54, 6.92) positively associated infection. Mud wall (OR= 2.49; 95%CI=1.12, 5.58), presences dog (OR=4.41; 95%CI= 2.25, 8.62), termite hills (OR=3.04; 95%CI=1.59, 5.81) acacia trees (OR=3.19; 95%CI=1.70, 5.99) increased Outdoor sleeping (OR=6.28; 3.41, 11.55) also higher HIV infection (OR=3.28; 95%CI=1.45, 7.39) malnutrition (OR=2.92; 95%CI=1.55, 5.51) Conclusion: gender being positive socio-demographic leishmaniasis. House made mud factors. Presence dog, important predictors Therefore, can be reduced by improving housing condition, indoor above ground, making residential area free far tree. The role peridomestic animals should investigated.