Skin-restricted commensal colonization accelerates skin graft rejection

• DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127569
• Publication Date: 2019-07-16T16:01:48Z
• Authors: Yuk Man Lei; Martin Sepulveda; Luqiu Chen; Ying Wang; Isabella Pirozzolo; Betty Theriault; Anita S. Chong; Yasmine Belkaid; Maria-Luisa Alegre
• Keywords: Priming (agriculture); Commensalism

Solid organ transplantation can treat end-stage failure, but the half-life of transplanted organs colonized with commensals is much shorter than that sterile organs. Whether colonization plays a role in this not known. We have previously shown an intact whole-body microbiota accelerate kinetics solid allograft rejection untreated mice when compared to germ-free (GF) or antibiotic-pre-treated mice, by enhancing capacity antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate graft-reactive T cells. However, contribution intestinal versus skin these effects was unknown. Here, we demonstrate colonizing GF single commensal, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epi), while preventing oral vancomycin, sufficient graft rejection. Notably, unlike mechanism which accelerates rejection, cutaneous S. epi did enhance priming alloreactive skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs). Rather, augmented ability APCs drive differentiation This study reveals extra-intestinal donor affect transplant outcome and may contribute