Mass spectrometry-detected MGUS is associated with obesity and other novel modifiable risk factors in a high-risk population

• DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010843
• Publication Date: 2024-01-12T02:58:55Z
• Authors: David J. Lee; Habib El-Khoury; Angela C. Tramontano; Jean-Baptiste Alb...; Jacqueline Perry; Maya I. Davis; Erica Horowitz; Robert Redd; Dhananjay Sakrikar; David Barnidge; Mark C. Perkins; Stephen Harding; Lorelei Mucci; Timothy R. Rebbeck; Irene M. Ghobrial; Catherine R. Marinac
• Keywords: 03 medical and health sciences; Lymphoid Neoplasia; 0302 clinical medicine; Risk Factors; Humans; Obesity; Multiple Myeloma; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignant condition multiple myeloma with few known risk factors. The emergence mass spectrometry (MS) for the detection MGUS has provided new opportunities to evaluate its In total, 2628 individuals at elevated were enrolled in screening study and completed an exposure survey (PROMISE trial). Participant samples screened by MS, monoclonal proteins (M-proteins) concentrations ≥0.2 g/L categorized as MS-MGUS. Multivariable logistic models evaluated associations between exposures MS outcomes. Compared normal weight (body index [BMI] 18.5 <25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was associated MS-MGUS, adjusting age, sex, Black race, education, income (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-2.47; P = .003). High physical activity (≥73.5 metabolic equivalent task (MET)-hours per week vs <10.5 MET-hours week) had decreased likelihood MS-MGUS (OR, 0.45, CI, 0.24-0.80; .009), whereas heavy smoking short sleep increased (>30 pack-years never smoker: OR, 2.19; 1.24-3.74; .005, <6 ≥6 hours day: 2.11; 1.26-3.42; analysis all MS-detected gammopathies, which are inclusive M-proteins <0.2 g/L, BMI MS-positive cases. Findings suggest gammopathies broader range modifiable factors than what been previously identified. This trial registered www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT03689595.