Signatures of selection and environmental adaptation across the goat genome post-domestication

• DOI: 10.1186/s12711-018-0421-y
• Publication Date: 2018-11-14T13:08:43Z
• Authors: Francesca Bertolini; Bertrand Servin; Andrea Talenti; Estelle Rochat; Eui Soo Kim; Claire Oget; Isabelle Palhière; Alessandra Crisà; Gennaro Catillo; Roberto Steri; Marcel Amills; Licia Colli; Gabriele Marras; Marco Milanesi; Ezequiel Nicolazzi; Benjamin D. Rosen; Curtis P. Van Tas...; Bernt Guldbrandtsen; Tad S. Sonstegard; Gwenola Tosser-Klopp; Alessandra Stella; Max F. Rothschild; Stéphane Joost; Paola Crepaldi
• Keywords: Coat

Since goat was domesticated 10,000 years ago, many factors have contributed to the differentiation of breeds and these are classified mainly into two types: (i) adaptation different breeding systems and/or purposes (ii) environments. As a result, approximately 600 developed worldwide; they differ considerably from one another in terms phenotypic characteristics adapted wide range climatic conditions. In this work, we analyzed AdaptMap dataset, which is composed data more than 3000 animals collected worldwide genotyped with CaprineSNP50 BeadChip. These were partitioned groups based on geographical area, production uses, available records solid coat color environmental variables including sampling coordinates, investigate role natural artificial selection shaping genome breeds.Several signatures chromosomal regions detected across breeds, sub-geographical clusters, groups. contain genes that involved important biological processes, such as milk-, meat- or fiber-related production, color, glucose pathway, oxidative stress response, size, circadian clock differences. Our results confirm previous findings other species extreme environments human provide new could explain some differences between according their distribution environments.These analyses comprehensive first picture global domestication process highlight possible may worldwide.