Dietary diversity in primary schoolchildren of south-central Côte d’Ivoire and risk factors for non-communicable diseases

• DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03684-6
• Publication Date: 2022-11-09T01:02:39Z
• Authors: Sylvain G. Traoré; Kouadio B. Kouassi; Jean T. Coulibaly; Johanna Beckmann; Bomey C. Gba; Christin Lang; Kurt Z. Long; Daouda Dao; Markus Gerber; Nicole Probst-Hensch; Uwe Pühse; Jürg Utzinger; Bassirou Bonfoh
• Keywords: Underweight; Cross-sectional study; Non-communicable disease

Abstract Background A balanced nutrition is important for children’s physical and cognitive development; yet, remains a challenge in many parts of low- middle-income countries (LMICs). Early detection nutritional deficiency metabolic syndrome school-aged children necessary to prevent non-communicable diseases (NCDs) later life. This study aimed at obtaining baseline data on health, status, markers NCDs among primary schoolchildren Côte d’Ivoire. Methods cross-sectional survey was conducted 620 from 8 public schools located the south-central part Underweight overweight were defined as body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) < 5th 85th up 95th percentile sex age, respectively. Dietary diversity calculated based 24-hour recall with caretaker according guideline Food Agriculture Organization. Anaemia, malaria, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density (HDL-C), blood glucose levels (HbA1c) assessed, using capillary samples. Logistic models performed identify risk factors associated overweight, HDL-C, LDL-C, HbA1c. Results Among (330 girls, 290 boys; M age 8.0 (± 1.7) years), 530 attended school semi-urban 90 rural area. Around 60% had medium dietary score (DDS). Children peri-urban areas consumed more cereals (80.2% vs. 63.3%, p 0.05). Most normal weight (n = 496), whereas 3.9% classified prediabetic, 5% underweight, 15% overweight. LDL-C HDL-C high DDS, moderate anaemia. significant association found between prediabetes malaria infection, well DDS. Overweight infection Conclusion Overweight, prediabetes, low anaemia are main concerns health Taabo. Our findings highlight interactions infectious diseases, particularly NCD factors. Monitoring disease comorbidity LMIC paediatric populations simultaneously essential better understand dual burden apply early prevention measures.