The effect of virtual reality on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor outcomes in nursing staffs: systematic review and meta-analysis

• DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01312-x
• Publication Date: 2023-05-19T03:24:17Z
• Authors: Defi Efendi; Renny Wulan April...; Juliana Gracia Ek...; Cho Lee Wong; Regina Natalia; Bejo Utomo; Chiyar Edison Sun...; Efa Apriyanti; Kee-Hsin Chen
• Keywords: Affective; Learning satisfaction; Cognitive; Research; Psychomotor; RT1-120; Nursing; Nursing staff; Virtual reality; 3. Good health

Abstract Background In the healthcare systems of world, reinforcing competence and professionalism nurses has become a concern. Gaining clinical nursing in system requires more effort, additional training is required. Medical education have begun using digital technologies, such as virtual reality (VR). The purpose this research was to examine efficacy VR terms cognitive, emotional, psychomotor outcomes learning satisfaction nurses. Method study searched eight databases (Cochrane library, EBSCOHost, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Web Science) for articles that met these criteria: (i) staff, (ii) any technology intervention education, all levels immersion, [1] randomized control trial quasi-experiment study, (iv) published unpublished theses. standardized mean difference measured. random effect model applied measure main outcome with significance level p < . 05 I 2 statistic assessment identify heterogeneity study. Results A total 6740 studies were identified, which 12 1470 participants criteria inclusion. meta-analysis showed significant improvement cognitive aspect (standardized [SMD] = 1.48; 95% CI 0.33–2.63; .011, 94.88%), affective (SMD 0.59; 0.34–0.86; .001, 34.33%), 0.901; 0.49–1.31; 80.33%), 0.47; 0.17–0.77; .002, 0%) aspects groups received compared groups. Subgroup analysis found dependent variables (e.g., immersion) did not improve outcomes. quality evidence low affected by major methodological issues. Conclusions may favorable alternative method increase nurse competencies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on larger samples are needed strengthen various settings. ROSPERO registration number: CRD42022301260.