Properties of cellular and serum forms of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in dogs with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and canine mammary tumors (CMTs): implications for TK1 as a proliferation biomarker

• DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0228-1
• Publication Date: 2014-10-07T13:30:54Z
• Authors: Kiran Kumar Jagar...; Sara Westberg; Henrik Rönnberg; Staffan Eriksson
• Keywords: Thymidine; Mammary tumor; Thymidine kinase

Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) precursor enzyme and proliferation biomarker used for prognosis treatment monitoring of breast cancer in humans. The aim was to determine if serum thymidine (sTK1) activity sTK1 protein levels dogs with mammary tumors could be useful veterinary medicine. Serum samples from 20 healthy 27 were analyzed activity, using an [3H]-deoxythymidine (dThd) phosphorylation assay, by immune affinity/Western blot assay. molecular forms acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), canine tumor (CMT), sera determined size exclusion chromatography. Mean activities CMT 1.0 ± 0.36 pmol/min/mL, differing significantly (mean SD = 0.73 0.26 pmol/min/mL). TK1 (26 kDa polypeptide) also higher CMTs compared 28.5 11.4, 8.5 4 ng/mL, respectively). Cellular isolated ALL cells predominantly dimer, while the eluted as high weight (MW) oligomer. In analyses tissue extracts, two peaks, minor peak MW oligomer major tetramer peak. Western analysis chromatographic fractions showed that cellular both dogs, some extent correlated profiles, but large fraction inactive detected CMT. than dogs. Size chromatography demonstrated differences ALL, healthy, Our results assay can differentiate benign (early stage tumors) more efficiently This preliminary data supports clinically useful. Further studies are needed evaluate diagnostic or prognostic role CMTs.