Molecular characterization of US-like and Asian non-S INDEL strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) that circulated in Japan during 2013–2016 and PEDVs collected from recurrent outbreaks

• DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1409-0
• Publication Date: 2018-03-14T12:55:05Z
• Authors: Nguyen Van Diep; Masuo Sueyoshi; Junzo Norimine; Takuya Hirai; Ohnmar Myint; Angeline Ping Pin...; Uda Zahli Izzati; Naoyuki Fuke; Ryoji Yamaguchi
• Keywords: Indel

Since late 2013, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has reemerged in Japan and caused severe economic losses to the swine industry. Although PEDV vaccines have been used widely, disease swept rapidly across county, is commonly observed PED-vaccinated farms, recurred domestic herds. To better understand PEDVs responsible for reemerging outbreaks Japan, full-length spike (S), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) genes of 45 collected during 2013-2016, were sequenced analyzed.Phylogenetic analysis based on S gene sequences revealed that all recent field genetically distinct from classical Japanese strains, classified into three genotypes: North American (NA), INDEL, Asian non-S INDEL. Our data suggested a possibility multiple parental strains introduced abroad at same time or similar times. The newly identified showed closest relationship US strains. Two sublineages circulating two US, suggesting common ancestors these In comparison with vaccine had various changes epitope regions, glycosylation sites, phosphorylation sites. These substitutions, particularly regions (521, 553, 568, 570), M (5), N (123, 252, 255) proteins, may affected antigenicity efficacy, resulting an unsuccessful control. Sequence comparisons between primary secondary herds developed endemic stage which could persist nearly years local causing subsequent epidemics.These results elucidate genetic characteristics, origin, molecular epidemiology as well recurrent outbreaks. This study provides insight potentially help develop measures controlling preventing disease.