Characterization of stem cell and cancer stem cell populations in ovary and ovarian tumors

• DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0439-3
• Publication Date: 2018-08-18T11:54:18Z
• Authors: Seema C. Parte; Surinder K. Batra; Sham S. Kakar
• Keywords: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; 03 medical and health sciences; Ovarian cancer stem cells; Ovarian cancer; Humans; Antigens; Cell Proliferation; Ovarian Neoplasms; 0303 health sciences; Cancer stem cells; Research; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; Stem Cells; Ovary; Retinal Dehydrogenase; Gynecology and obstetrics; Ovarian stem cells; 3. Good health; Isoenzymes; Ovarian tumor; RG1-991; Female; Ki67; Octamer Transcription Factor-3; Biomarkers

Ovarian cancer is a complicated malady associated with stem cells (CSCs) contributing to 238,700 estimated new cases and 151,900 deaths per year, worldwide. CSCs comprise tiny fraction of tumor-bulk responsible for recurrence eventual mortality. or tumor initiating are self-renewal, differentiation proliferative potential, initiation capability, its progression, drug resistance metastatic spread. Although several biomarkers implicated in these processes, their distribution within the ovary association single cell type has neither been established nor demonstrated across ovarian developmental stages. Therefore, precise identification, thorough characterization effective targeted destruction dormant highly proliferating potent CSC populations an immediate need. In view this, various (ALDH1/2, C-KIT, CD133, CD24 CD44) proliferation (KI67) specific markers surface epithelium (OSE) cortex regions normal ovary, benign, borderline high grade tumors by immuno-histochemistry confocal microscopy was studied. We further confirmed expression RT-PCR analysis. Co-expression analysis (OCT4, SSEA4) CD44 LGR5) marker HG revealed dual positive CSCs, few non-proliferating stem/CSC (SSEA4+/KI67− ALDH1/2+/KI67−) only KI67+ cortex, signifying dynamic interesting cellular hierarchy region. Smaller spherical (≤ 5 μm) larger spindle/elliptical shaped (~ 10 nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio were detected all samples (including ovaries) but variable characteristic stage-wise different Diverse expressing revealing distinct phenotypes (spherical ≤5 μm ~ distributed stages studied probable functional types. Involvement extra-ovarian sites origin requires rigorous evaluation. Quantitative populations, mechanisms pathways chemo-resistance, spread etc. respect studied, will provide better insights targets developing therapeutics prevent metastasis eventually help improve patient