Live attenuated African swine fever viruses as ideal tools to dissect the mechanisms involved in viral pathogenesis and immune protection

• DOI: 10.1186/s13567-015-0275-z
• Publication Date: 2015-11-20T12:35:08Z
• Authors: Anna Lacasta; Paula L. Monteagudo; Ángeles Jiménez-M...; Francesc Accensi; María Ballester; Jordi Argilaguet; Iván Galindo-Cardiel; Joaquim Segalés; María L. Salas; Javier Domínguez; Ángela Moreno; Juan J. Garrido; Fernando Rodríguez
• Keywords: Heterologous; Pathogenesis; Attenuated vaccine

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causal agent of fever, a hemorrhagic and often lethal porcine disease causing enormous economical losses in affected countries. Endemic for decades most sub-Saharan countries Sardinia, risk ASFV-endemicity Europe has increased since its last introduction into 2007. Live attenuated viruses have been demonstrated to induce very efficient protective immune responses, albeit time protection was circumscribed homologous ASFV challenges. However, their use field still far from reality, mainly due safety concerns. In this study we compared course vivo infection caused by two strains: virulent E75 cell cultured adapted strain E75CV1, obtained adapting grow CV1 cell-line. Interestingly, kinetics both not only differed on clinical signs that they loads found, but also immunological pathways activated throughout infections. Furthermore, E75CV1 confirmed potential against challenge allowed demonstration poor cross-protection BA71, thus defining it as heterologous. The vitro specificity CD8+ T-cells present at showed clear activation (E75) BA71. These findings will be utility better understanding pathogenesis rational designing safe vaccines virus.