Emergence of nosocomial associated opportunistic pathogens in the gut microbiome after antibiotic treatment

• DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00903-0
• Publication Date: 2021-02-17T14:23:12Z
• Authors: Isaac Raplee; Lacey Walker; Lei Xu; Anil Surathu; Ashok Chockalingam; Sharron Stewart; Xiaomei Han; Rodney Rouse; Zhihua Li
• Keywords: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Bacteroides fragilis; Medical microbiology; Acinetobacter baumannii; Dysbiosis

Abstract Introduction According to the Centers for Disease Control’s 2015 Hospital Acquired Infection Prevalence Survey, 1 in 31 hospital patients was infected with at least one nosocomial pathogen while being treated unrelated issues. Many studies associate antibiotic administration infection occurrence. However, our knowledge, there is little no direct evidence of selecting opportunistic pathogens. Aim This study aims confirm gut microbiota shifts an animal model treatment determine whether use favors pathogenic bacteria. Methodology We utilized next-generation sequencing and in-house metagenomic assembly taxonomic assignment pipelines on fecal a urinary tract mouse without treatment. Results Antibiotic therapy decreased number detectable species bacteria by 20-fold. Furthermore, mice had significant increase pathogens that have been implicated infections, like Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumannii complex, Chlamydia abortus , Bacteroides fragilis thetaiotaomicron . Moreover, selected resistant gene enriched subpopulations many these Conclusions Oral may select common responsible infections. In this present after harbored more genes than populations before Our results demonstrate effects induced dysbiosis expansion those Follow-up larger samples sizes potentially controlled clinical investigations should be performed findings.