Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs: a set of meta-analyses

• DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00534-2
• Publication Date: 2021-01-07T17:03:50Z
• Authors: Bocheng Xu; Jie Fu; Luoyi Zhu; Zhi Li; Mingliang Jin; Yizhen Wang
• Keywords: Feed additive

Abstract Background Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight gain. However, the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on people. Developing alternatives is an urgent need in livestock production. We aimed perform a meta-analysis and network (NMA) investigate feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes (ASs) bacteriostasis, performance, intestinal morphology immunity. Furthermore, primary, secondary, tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with antibiotics. Results Among 16,309 identified studies, 37 summarized study bacteriostasis additives, 89 included NMA (10,228 pigs). 268 associations 57 interventions 32 bacteria. The order was follows: antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) ≈ antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>oligosaccharides. detected 11 outcomes. Compared basal diet, plant extract, AMPs, probiotics, microelements, organic acids, bacteriophages, lysozyme, zymin, oligosaccharides significantly improved performance ( P < 0.05); AMPs remarkably increased villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) extracts, acids notably immunity 0.05). optimal AMP, bacteriophage, oligosaccharides, plants, zymin doses 0.100%, 0.150%, 0.012%, 0.010%, 0.050%, 0.750%, 0.20%, 0.040%, 0.180%, respectively. antibiotics, all investigated exhibited no significant difference IgG, diarrhoea index/rate > microelements V/C lymphocyte levels linear weighting sum models comprehensively estimate overall impact each additive pig health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that extracts be primary for weaned piglets growing pigs, Bacteriophages, regarded secondary ASs. Nucleotides considered Future studies should further assess alternative combinational additives.