Enlightening the taxonomy darkness of human gut microbiomes with a cultured biobank

• DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01064-3
• Publication Date: 2021-05-21T17:02:42Z
• Authors: Chang Liu; Meng-Xuan Du; Rexiding Abuduaini; Hai-Ying Yu; Dan-Hua Li; Yu-Jing Wang; Nan Zhou; Min-Zhi Jiang; Peng-Xia Niu; Shan-Shan Han; Hong-He Chen; Wen-Yu Shi; Linhuan Wu; Yu-Hua Xin; Juncai Ma; Yuguang Zhou; Cheng-Ying Jiang; Hong-Wei Liu; Shuang-Jiang Liu
• Keywords: Human Microbiome Project; Human virome

Abstract Background In gut microbiome studies, the cultured microbial resource plays essential roles, such as helping to unravel functions and host-microbe interactions. Although several major studies have been performed elucidate human microbiota, up 70% of Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome species not date. Large-scale isolation identification well availability public are imperative for further characterizing functions. Results this study, we constructed a Gut Microbial Biobank (hGMB; homepage: hgmb.nmdc.cn ) through cultivation 10,558 isolates from 31 sample mixtures 239 fresh fecal samples healthy Chinese volunteers, deposited 1170 strains representing 400 different in culture collections International Depository Authority long-term preservation access worldwide. Following rules Code Nomenclature Prokaryotes, 102 new were characterized denominated, while 28 genera 3 families proposed. hGMB represented over 80% common dominant global 16S rRNA gene amplicon data ( n = 11,647) 24 “most-wanted” “medium priority” taxa proposed by Microbiome Project. We total sequenced 115 genomes novel 13 previously known species. Further silico analysis revealed that newly 22 uncultured (UHGG) contributed representatives potentially “dark taxa” had discovered UHGG. The nonredundant catalogs generated covered 50% functionally genes (KEGG orthologs) largest approximately 10% “most wanted” unknown proteins FUnkFams database. Conclusions A publicly accessible (hGMB) was established contained represents expands resources genomic repository adding species, genera, families, microbes.