The Influence of Cigarette Smoking on Antenatal Growth, Birth Size, and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis

• DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-1674
• Publication Date: 2005-05-04T21:24:00Z
• Authors: P. Jane Pringle; Michael P. P. Geary; Charles H. Rodeck; John C. P. Kingdom; Simon Kayamba-Kay’s; Peter C. Hindmarsh
• Keywords: Umbilical artery

Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in birth size. Very few studies have collated changes fetal biometry, neonatal anthropometry, biochemical factors involved growth, and measures of uterine umbilical blood flow.We related status 1650 low-risk, singleton Caucasian pregnancies delivering at term to artery flow, placental appearance, size, cord concentrations IGF-I -II IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3.Mothers who smoked were younger (P < 0.001) shorter = 0.03) from lower socioeconomic groups 0.001). Mean flow 20 wk gestation was not but significantly higher smokers 30 0.006). Uterine unaffected. Smoking an increase the percentage abnormal placentas dose-dependent manner 3.1-fold increased risk (odds ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.3-7.6) 0.009). femur length 0.005) abdominal circumference as well weight, length, head skinfold thickness. Cord plasma IGFBP-3 babies mothers had 0.02 P 0.01, respectively).We concluded that maternal altered appearance on ultrasonography, resistance, longitudinal intraabdominal organ growth. Circulating along size markers body fat are reduced, suggesting results function.