From phenotype to biological treatment of severe asthma

• DOI: 10.13112/pc.365
• Publication Date: 2024-11-12T14:49:11Z
• Authors: Blaženka Kljaić B...; Irena Ivković-Jur...; Marta Navratil; Marijana Rogulj; Davor Bandić; Jadranka Kelečić; Silvije Šegulja; Darko Richter
• Keywords: 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine

Severe asthma is considered a complex and heterogeneous disease, which includes different phenotypes, defined in terms of both clinical molecular characteristics underlining endotypes. According to studies, there are several phenotypes severe children. Most children allergic multiple aeroallergen sensitization (house dust mites, pollen, molds) have high levels total specific IgE, reversible airflow obstruc- tion early signs remodelation. A small subgroup has persistent limitation (FEV1 <80% predicted). There two major functional or pathophysiologic mechanisms for accord- ing the immune mechanism: Type 2 (Th2-high asthma, eosinophils serum sputum, IgE levels, FeNO; key cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) non-Type (Th2-low neutrophilic, paucigranulocytic mixed granulocytic inflam- mation; IL-8, IL-17, IL-22). The type endotype more common children, while biomarkers involved pathogenesis, such as IL-5 become targets biological therapy. non-type endotype, less frequent with fewer therapeutic options. effect azithromycin still under investigation. although uncommon, high-risk phenotype childhood asthma. Close monitoring patient precise definition underlying during evaluation enables identification use personalized, endotype-targeted treatment.