Effects of digoxin in inhibiting ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 binding for attenuating COVID-19 in human adipocytes

• DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247273
• Publication Date: 2024-09-05T02:11:42Z
• Authors: Meity Ardiana; I Gde Rurus Suryawan; Hanestya Oky Herm...; Primasitha Mahara...; Safira Rahma
• Keywords: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has a role in SARS-CoV-2 incidence, and digoxin is competitive inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2-ACE2 binding. This study aimed to investigate the effects on binding, proinflammatory cytokines, prothrombotic factors adipocytes patients with COVID-19. METHODS vitro used adipocyte cultures, which were divided into negative control, positive control (SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein only), digoxin, human recombinant soluble ACE2 (hrsACE2). Data analyzed using one-way ANOVA Pearson correlation. RESULTS significantly elevated increased interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) compared group (p<0.001). No binding was detected hrsACE2 groups, (0 ng/ml versus 0 36.33 [1.58] ng/ml, p<0.001). Digoxin decreased IL-6 (48.94 [1.80] 90.93 [4.29] ng/ml; p<0.001), TNF-α (87.65 [6.88] 307.95 [57.34] TF (5.33 [0.32] 6.85 [0.22] PAI-1 levels (2.92 [0.168] 4.86 [0.11] group. positively correlated (p = 0.004, r 0.763) 0.768) but not IL-1β, TNF-α, levels. CONCLUSIONS promoted therapy prevent cytokine storm thromboembolism by decreasing IL-6, TF, cultured models at an early stage